Understanding Macular Degeneration: Causes, Symptoms, and Monitoring

Macular degeneration is a progressive eye disease that affects the macula - the part of the retina responsible for central vision. This condition can make everyday activities like reading, driving, or recognizing faces more challenging. While it is a leading cause of vision loss in adults over 50, early detection and consistent monitoring can slow its progression and preserve vision.

What Causes Macular Degeneration?

The exact cause of macular degeneration isn’t fully understood, but it’s believed to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common type, and risk increases significantly after age 50. Other contributing factors include:

• Genetics - Family history of AMD increases your risk.

• Lifestyle factors - Smoking, poor diet, and lack of exercise can raise the likelihood of developing the condition.

• Health conditions - High blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and obesity can contribute to AMD progression.

• Sun exposure - Prolonged UV light exposure without eye protection can increase risk over time.

Recognizing the Symptoms

Macular degeneration often develops gradually, making it easy to overlook the early signs. Common symptoms include:

• Blurry or fuzzy vision

• Distortion of straight lines (they may appear wavy)

• Dark or empty spots in the center of vision

• Difficulty reading or seeing details in low light

• Colors appearing less bright or vivid

If you notice any of these changes, schedule an eye exam promptly. Detecting AMD early can make a significant difference in treatment outcomes.

How Macular Degeneration Is Monitored

Because AMD can worsen over time, regular monitoring is essential for protecting vision. At Texas State Optical Seguin, we use advanced diagnostic technology to detect early changes in the macula and track progression. Monitoring may include:

• Comprehensive eye exams - Including dilated retinal evaluations to get a clear view of the macula.

• Optical coherence tomography (OCT) - A high-resolution scan that captures detailed images of retinal layers.

• Amsler grid testing –-A simple, at-home or in-office test to detect subtle vision changes.

• Photographic documentation - Retinal images taken over time to compare and identify changes.

If changes are detected, our team will discuss treatment options such as lifestyle modifications, nutritional supplements, or referral to a retinal specialist for advanced care.

Take the First Step in Preserving Your Sight

Macular degeneration may not be curable, but with early detection, healthy lifestyle choices, and consistent monitoring, its progression can often be slowed. Protecting your vision starts with awareness and proactive care.

Schedule your comprehensive eye exam at Texas State Optical Seguin and stay ahead macular degeneration. Visit our office in Seguin, Texas, or call (830) 310-6198 to book an appointment today.